Power Insight — Open Data for Smarter Energy Decisions

The Scale of AI and Planning for Responsible Energy Growth

New data centers are reshaping our energy landscape. With the right policies, this growth can mean lower bills, a more reliable grid, and breakthroughs in science and medicine. Explore the data and help shape better outcomes for your community.

Energy Growth Has Always Driven Progress

From electrification to the internet, new demands on our energy system have preceded breakthroughs that improved daily life. AI-powered data centers are accelerating research in medicine, materials science, and clean energy itself.

The question isn't whether to build — it's how to build responsibly so that communities benefit and household bills stay affordable. This site gives you the real numbers so you can be part of that conversation.

The Data Center Boom by the Numbers

Today, data centers make up about 4.4% of total U.S. electricity consumption (176 TWh in 2023). By 2030, this share is projected to reach 6 to 9%, adding an estimated 50 to 65 GW of new electricity demand — equivalent to building 50 to 65 nuclear power plants.

This growth, driven by the AI revolution, has led to a backlog of power demand. U.S. utilities have received interconnection requests totaling over 1,000 GW — though historically only about 13% of such requests reach commercial operation. Even so, the scale creates a supply-constrained market where infrastructure planning is critical.

Projected Data Center Demand by State

Lower demand
Higher demand

Data: Utility interconnection queue requests (SemiAnalysis)

Sources: LBNL 2024 Report,U.S. DOE,Grid Strategies,EPRI,LBNL Queued Up.

What This Means for Your Electric Bill

One large data center campus uses as much power as 300,000 homes. Here's how costs flow to your bill.

How Costs Flow to Your Bill

Data Center Needs Power
Utility Builds Infrastructure
Your Bill Changes

The Impact on Your Bill Varies Widely

The impact of data center growth on your electricity costs depends on where you live and how your utility manages new large loads.

Well-Managed Growth

-$5 to $0

per month change

When data centers pay their fair share and operate flexibly, they add revenue to the grid — which can reduce costs for households

Poorly Managed Growth

+$20 to $35

per month increase

Rapid growth without proper cost allocation or operational requirements

The difference between these outcomes comes down to policy and operational design — and communities have a voice in both.

Use our calculator to see projections specific to your utility and community.

How Responsible Development Lowers Your Bills

When data centers are built with proper cost allocation and flexible operations, they bring new revenue to the grid, fund infrastructure upgrades, and can reduce what households pay. Here's how that works.

Fair Cost Allocation Through Good Policy

A single large data center can contribute tens of millions in annual grid payments — revenue that offsets costs for all ratepayers when allocated properly. The critical question is: who pays for new infrastructure?

  • With good policy, data centers pay their fair share of the costs they create
  • Without good policy, existing customers may subsidize data center infrastructure
  • When done right, more customers sharing the grid can lower costs for everyone

Example: In Virginia, electricity bills have been rising in part because data centers aren't fully covering the infrastructure costs they create.

In contrast, some states charge data centers based on how much they contribute to peak demand—giving them a financial reason to operate in ways that benefit everyone.

Flexible Data Centers Maximize Benefits

How a data center operates matters as much as how big it is. Flexible operations can protect communities:

  • Flexible loads can reduce power use during peak demand, avoiding costly infrastructure
  • On-site generators reduce reliance on the shared power grid
  • During emergencies (like heat waves or storms), data centers can cut back so homes have power

Always-On

Highest cost

Flexible

Lower impact

Optimized

Minimal cost

Advocate for Your Community

What's Driving Better Outcomes

1
Separate rate classes for large loads

Virginia's new GS-5 rate class requires data centers to pay minimum demand charges of 85% for transmission and distribution

2
Incentivized flexibility and curtailment

Texas SB6 requires large loads to curtail during grid emergencies and reevaluates transmission cost allocation

3
Public pressure and regulatory oversight

60+ bills in 22 states focused on ratepayer protection; voter concerns are reshaping utility elections

How You Can Take Action

Comment on utility rate cases

Advocate for large loads to pay their fair share of infrastructure costs they create

Support state ratepayer protection bills

Contact your state legislators about data center cost allocation legislation

Ask about flexibility requirements

Advocate for incentive structures that promote load flexibility during grid stress events

Customize for Your Community

Enter your utility's actual numbers to see a more accurate projection for your specific situation.

Open Calculator

Understand the Math

All our calculations are based on publicly available data. Review our methodology and sources.

View Methodology

Open Source & Community Driven

This tool is free, open source, and not affiliated with any data center company or utility. Our goal is to provide objective information so communities can make informed decisions.

View on GitHub